עדו גל, פרופ’ (אמריטוס)
Background
Iddo Gal is an Associate Professor (Retired) and past-Chair, Dept. of Human Services, University of Haifa, Israel. He studied at Tel-Aviv University (Israel) for his BA in Educational sciences and Psychology and for an MA in Personnel & Counseling Psychology. After a few years of work as an applied psychologist, he continued his doctoral studies at the University of Pennsylvania (USA) and obtained a PhD in Cognitive Psychology (decision making).
Iddo enjoys multidisciplinary interests that span two fields of research and applied practice: (1) teaching/learning and assessment of adult numeracy and statistical literacy, and systemic aspects of developing related functional competencies; and (2) managerial issues in service organizations, in particular empowerment of frontline workers and empowerment of clients of service organizations, and related topics such as service satisfaction, customer complaints, and accessibility of services to diverse populations (including people with disabilities).
Iddo has extensive experience in international collaborative work. He has chaired the Numeracy Expert Group of the OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), led the Numeracy Team of the Adult Literacy and Lifeskills Survey (ALL), and was a member of an OECD Expert Group on skills use and skills mismatch. Since 2012 he has been serving as Chair of the national Steering Committee for the PIAAC survey in Israel, and is an appointed member of the Public Council on Statistics in Israel. He was a leading member of the ProCivicStat Project (funded by the EU’s Erasmus+ program) which involved 6 universities in 5 countries, and has worked for several years with UNESCO on developing conceptual and assessment frameworks for assessing adult numeracy for the U.N. Sustainable Development Goal 4.6.
Iddo is a Past-President of the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE;2013-2015) and Past-Editor of the Statistics Education Research Journal (SERJ, 2004-2007). He currently serves as a Consulting Editor of the Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Associate Editor of the journal Numeracy, a member of the Advisory Board of the Statistics Education Research Journal, and holds an honorary appointment as Senior Lecturer at the University of QuaZuluNatal (Durban, South Africa). One day he hopes to spend more time with his classical guitar.
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Higher Education Studies
Period | Name of Institution and Department | Degree | Year of Degree |
1975–1978 | Tel-Aviv University, Double Major in Psychology and Educational Sciences | B.A. | June 1978 |
1978–1980 | Tel-Aviv University, Psychology. Area: Counseling / Occupational Psychology | M.A. | June 1982 |
1985–1990 | University of Pennsylvania, Psychology. Area: Cognitive Psychology & Decision Processes | Ph.D. | Aug 1990 |
1990–1991 | University of Pennsylvania, Graduate School of Education (supervisor: Daniel Wagner) | Post-doc | Aug 1991 |
Offices in Academic Administration
Years | Affiliation | Role |
1996–2000 | U. of Haifa, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences | Library Coordinator |
1997–2005 | U. of Haifa, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences | Member, Computer Committee |
1998–2001 | U. of Haifa | Member, University Academic Disciplinary Court |
1997–2006 | U. of Haifa, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences | Member, faculty Curriculum Committee |
2015–2013 | U. of Haifa | Chair, University Committee for Social Involvement (“Valpach”) |
2011–2014 | U. of Haifa, Department of Human Service | Chair of Department |
2016–2020 | U. of Haifa | Member, University-wide Computer Committee |
Editorial Assignments
Years |
|
1997–2001 | Associate Editor, Journal of Statistics Education |
1998–1999 | Guest Editor, Numeracy Section (four chapters), in: Wagner, Venezky, and Street (Eds.)(1999). Literacy: An Int’l Handbook. Westview. |
2003–2007 | Editor, Statistics Education Research Journal, Peer-reviewed e-journal of the International Association for Statistical Education / International Statistical Institute. Online: http://iase-web.org |
2011–now | Consulting Editor, Journal of Disability Policy Studies (SAGE journals). Peer-reviewed journal published by SAGE |
2016–now | Associate Editor, Numeracy (ISSN 1936-4660). Peer-reviewed e-journal published by The National Numeracy Network, USA |
2018-2020 | Guest Editor, ZDM Mathematics Education Journal (Springer) – Special Issue on Numeracy and vulnerability in adult life |
Reviewing for Refereed Journals + Agencies
American Statistician, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, Journal of Statistics Education, Statistics Education Research Journal, Statistical Journal of the IAOS, Journal of Educational Psychology, International Statistical Review, Educational Studies in Mathematics, Numeracy, Teaching Statistics, Studies in Educational Evaluation, Journal für Mathematik Didaktik, ZDM Mathematics Education, Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, Cognition and Instruction, Frontiers in Psychology, Educational Perspectives, Society and Welfare (Israel), Social Security (Israel), Adult Literacy Education Journal, Public Understanding of Science, Patient Education and Counseling, Critical Public Health, Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Health Care Management Review, Health Policy, Preventive Medicine, Journal of Service Management, Journal of Service Research, Service Business, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, The Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences.
Israel Science Foundation, GIF, BSF and more
Scholarly and leaership positions outside the University (elected and invited)
Years |
|
1997–1999 | Consultant: UNICEF, Monitoring Learning Achievement project |
1998–2005 | Team Leader: Numeracy Area, Adult Literacy and Lifeskills (ALL) survey. A project of Statistics Canada, National Center for Educational Statistics (US), and OECD. |
2009–2011 | Vice-President, International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) |
2008–2013 | Chair, Numeracy Expert group. OECD’s Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) |
2009–2013 | Member, Publications Committee, International Statistical Institute (ISI) |
2011–2013 | President-Elect, International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) |
2013–2015 | President, International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) |
2015–2017 | Past-President, International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) |
1995–2016 | Advisory Board Member: Int’l Statistical Literacy Project (ISLP), a project of International Statistical Institute / International Association for Statistics Education. |
1998–now | Senior Research Advisor for Literacy/Numeracy Assessment: International Literacy Institute, University of Pennsylvania, USA |
2012–now | Chair, National Steering Committee for the OECD PIAAC survey in Israel. Appointed by the Public Advisory Council for Statistics – Central Bureau of Statistics, Israel. מטעם המועצה הציבורית לסטטיסטיקה – יו”ר וועדת ההיגוי של סקר מיומנויות בוגרים בישראל |
2014–now | Member, National Public Advisory Council for Statistics, Israel חבר, המועצה הציבורית לסטטיסטיקה |
2014-now | Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of QuaZuluNatal, South Africa |
2015–2018 | Member, OECD Expert Group on Skills Use and Skills Mismatch, Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). |
2016–2019 | Subject Matter Expert, “Power In Numbers”, a 3-year project of the Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education (OCTAE) of the U.S. Department of Education. |
Publications:
Ph.D. Dissertation
Gal, I. (Aug 1990). Understanding Repeated Choices Under Uncertainty. Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, USA. (Supervisor: Prof. Jonathan Baron)
Scientific Books (Refereed)
1. Gal, I., & Garfield, J. B. (Eds.) (1997). The Assessment Challenge in Statistics Education. Amsterdam: IOS Press, in association with International Statistical Institute. (284 pages, 19 chapters, of which two authored by Iddo Gal)
2. Gal, I. (Ed.) (2000). Adult Numeracy development: Theory, Research, Practice. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. (361 pages, 16 chapters, of which 3 authored by Iddo Gal)
Monographs
1. Gal, I. (2012). Mathematical literacy. אוריינות מתמטית. A scientific review invited by the Committee on Knowledge Needs for Teaching Mathematics, Initiative for Applied Research in Education, Israeli Academy of Sciences. [In Hebrew] (69 pages, Peer-reviewed). http://education.academy.ac.il/Uploads/BackgroundMaterials/Hebrew/review%20mathematic%20litercy%20Iddo%20Gal.pdf
Articles in Refereed Journals
1. Wagner, D. A., Spratt, J. E., Gal, I., & Paris, S. (1989). Reading and believing: Beliefs, attributions, and reading achievement among Moroccan school children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(1), 283-293.
2. Gal, I., & Ginsburg, L. (1994). The role of beliefs and attitudes in learning statistics: Towards an assessment framework. Journal of Statistics Education, 2(2). [American Statistical Association: www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v2n2/gal.html
3. Gal, I. (1995). Statistical tools and statistical literacy: The case of the average. Teaching Statistics, 17(3), 97-99.
4. Gal, I., & Baron, J. (1996). Understanding repeated simple choices. Thinking and Reasoning, 2(1), 81-98.
5. Garfield, J. B. & Gal, I. (1999). Assessment and statistics education: Current challenges and directions. International Statistical Review, 67(1), 1-12.
6. Gal, I. (2002). Systemic needs in adult numeracy education. Adult Basic Education, 12(1), 20-33. (Note: Journal renamed to: Journal of Research and Practice for Adult Literacy, Secondary, and Basic Education).
7. Gal, I. (2002). Developing statistical literacy: Towards implementing change. International Statistical Review, 70(1), 46-51
8. Gal, I. (2002). Adults’ Statistical literacy: Meanings, components, responsibilities. International Statistical Review, 70(1), 1-25.
9. Yagil, D., & Gal, I. (2002). The role of organizational service climate in generating control and empowerment among workers and customers. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 9(4), 215-226.
10. Gal, I. (2002). Dispositional aspects of coping with interpretive numeracy tasks. Literacy and Numeracy Studies, 11(2), 47-61.
11. Gal, I. (2003). Teaching for statistical literacy and services of statistics agencies. American Statistician, 57(2), 80-84.
12. Gal, I. (2003). Expanding conceptions of statistical literacy: An analysis of products from statistics agencies. Statistics Education Research Journal. 2(1), 3-22. www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/serj
13. Gal, I., & Prisant, B. (2003). השפעתם של שירותי סיעוד הניתנים במרכזי יום ובבית על העצמת קשישים מוגבלים. Empowerment processes and the frail elderly: Home-care services versus day care centers, Society and Welfare, 23(1), 101-125. [in Hebrew]
14. Doron, I., & Gal, I. (2003). Prevention and legal planning in old age: Findings from a preliminary study. Hamishpat, 16, 36-45. [in Hebrew]
15. Doron, I., & Gal, I. (2003). Israel’s 1996 Patient Rights Act and the elderly: Issues in implementation and research. Gerontology, 30(3), 9-21. [In Hebrew]
16. Gal, I., & Prigat, A. (2005). Why organizations continue to create patient information leaflets with readability and usability problems: An exploratory study. Health Education Research, 20(4), 485-493.
17. Doron, I., & Gal, I. (2006). The emergence of legal prevention in old age: Findings from an Israeli exploratory research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 21(1-2), 41-53.
18. Gal, I., & Doron, I. (2007). Informal complaints on health services: hidden patterns, hidden potentials. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(3), 158-163.
19. Gal, I. & Doron, I. (2007). Patterns of client complaints in Israel’s health-care system. Harefua, 146(6), 489-496. [in Hebrew]
20. Shapira, N., Barak, A., & Gal, I. (2007). Promoting older adults’ well-being through internet training and use. Aging and Mental Health, 11(5), 477-484.
21. Yagil, D., Luria, G. & Gal, I. (2008). Stressors and resources in customer service roles: Exploring the relationship between core self-evaluations and burnout. Journal of Service Management, 19(5), 175-195.
22. #Shapira, N., Gal, I., & Barak, A. (2008). Elderly and Internet group training: from theory to practice. Gerontology, 2, 127-140 (in Hebrew).
23. Gal, I. (2009). South Africa’s Mathematical Literacy and Mathematics curricula: Is probability literacy given a fair chance? African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Education, 13(1), 50–61.
24. Luria, G., Gal, I. & Yagil, D. (2009). Employees’ willingness to report service complaints. Journal of Service Research, 12(2), 156-174.
25. Shavit, M., Yusov, P., Gal, I., Doron, I. (2009). Immigration and health services: Immigrant complaint patterns regarding the primary health care system in Israel. Journal of Immigrants and Refugee Studies, 7(4), 419-437.
26. Gal, I., & Ograjenšek, I. (2010). Qualitative research in the service of understanding learners and users of statistics. International Statistical review, 78(2), 287-296.
27. Gal, I., Weisberg-Yosub, P., Shavit, M., Doron, I (2010). Complaints on health services: A survey of persons with disabilities. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 21(3), 181-188.
28. Doron, I., Gal, I., Shavit, M., & Weisberg-Yosub, P. (2011). Unheard voices: complaint patterns of older persons in the health care system. European Journal of Ageing, 8, 63-71.
29. Gal, I. & Murray, S. (2011). Responding to diversity in users’ statistical literacy and information needs: Institutional and educational implications. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 27(3-4),185-195.
30. Gal, I. (2011). Does CensusAtSchool develop statistical literacy? Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 27(3-4), 229-230.
31. North, D. Gal, I. & Zewotir, T. (2014). Building capacity for developing statistical literacy in a developing country: Lessons learned from an intervention. Statistics Education Research Journal,13(2), 15-27. http://iase-web.org/documents/SERJ/SERJ13%282%29_North.pdf.
32. Luria, G., Gal, I., & Yagil (2014). Quality and Productivity: Role conflict in the service context. Service Industries Journal, 34(12), 955-973.
33. Luria, G., Gal, I., & Yagil (2015). Spending more time with the customer: Service-providers’ behavioral discretion and call-center operations. Service Business, 9(3), 427-443.
34. Tout, D. & Gal, I. (2015). Perspectives on numeracy: Reflections from international assessments. ZDM–International Journal of Mathematics Education, 47(4), 691-706.
35. Zoabi, K. & Gal, I. (2015). Perceptions of empowering techniques: A comparative study among social workers. Mifgash–Journal of Social Work Education, 23(41), 7-24. [in Hebrew]
36. Luria, G., Levanon, A., Yagil, D. & Gal, I. (2016). Status, national culture and customers’ propensity to complain. Social Indicators Research, 126, 309-330.
37. Ograjensek, I. & Gal, I. (2016). Enhancing statistics education by including qualitative research. International Statistical Review, 84, 2, 165-178, DOI:10.1111/insr.12158.
38. Gal, I. & Ograjensek, I. (2016). More on enhancing statistics education with qualitative ideas: A Rejoinder. International Statistical Review, 84(2), 202-209. doi:10.1111/insr.12157.
39. Gal, I. & Ograjensek, I. (2017). Official statistics and statistics education: Bridging the gap. Journal of Official Statistics, 33(1), 79-100.
40. Ograjenšek, I., & Gal, I. (2018). The megaclass as a service production system and the challenge of facilitating its continuous quality improvement: Towards a research agenda in a complex domain. Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 34(7), 1475-1490.
41. Gal, I., Grotlüschen, A., Tout, D., & Kaiser, G. (2020). Numeracy, adult education, and vulnerable adults: a critical view of a neglected field. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 52, 377-394.
42. Heilmann, L., Gal, I., & Grotlüschen, A. (2020). Do higher skill levels lead to better outcomes? The disproportionality between skills and outcomes for women. GENDER–Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 12(3), 87-106. https://elibrary.utb.de/doi/abs/10.3224/gender.v12i3.07
43. Gal, I., Yagil, D. and Luria, G. (2021). Service workers and “difficult customers”: quality challenges at the front line. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 13(2), 321-337. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-05-2020-0078
44. Gal, I., & Geiger, V. (2022). Welcome to the era of vague news: a study of the demands of statistical and mathematical products in the COVID-19 pandemic media. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 111, 5-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-022-10151-7
45. Geiger, V., Gal, I., and Graven, M. (2023). The connections between mathematics education and citizenship education. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 55(5), 923–940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-023-01521-3 (Note: Opening survey paper of a ZDM Special Issue on the same topic, guest-edited by the authors).
46. Gal, I. (forthcoming 2024). Adult education in mathematics and numeracy: A scoping review of recent research. ZDM–Mathematics Education.
… more is coming…
Chapters in Scientific Books (not Conference Proceedings) (Selected)
1. Gal, I., Ginsburg, L., & Schau, C. (1997). Monitoring attitudes and beliefs in statistics education. In I. Gal & J. B. Garfield (Eds.), The assessment challenge in statistics education (pp. 37-51). Amsterdam: IOS Press. (peer-reviewed)
2. Gal, I., & Garfield, J. (1997). Curricular Goals and Assessment Challenges in statistics education. In I. Gal & J. B. Garfield (Eds.), The assessment challenge in statistics education (pp. 1-13). Amsterdam: IOS Press. (peer-reviewed)
3. Gal, I. (1997). Numeracy: imperatives of a forgotten goal. In L. A. Steen (Ed.), Why numbers count: quantitative literacy for tomorrow’s America (pp. 36-44). New York: The College Board. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/13yQPSnVH4vyDsE3odMnWrvuc1HbbP9Co/view?usp=sharing
4. Gal, I. (1998). Assessing statistical knowledge as it relates to students’ interpretation of data in tables. In S. Lajoie (Ed.), Reflections on statistics: Learning, teaching, and assessment in grades K-12 (pp. 275-295). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. (peer-reviewed). Keywords: Table reading, table interpretation. Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nTdH2TfG-XCfSdPpg7Y2Og_cTYydmf3p/view?usp=sharing
5. Garfield, J. & Gal, I. (1999). Teaching and Assessing Statistical Reasoning. In L. Stiff (Ed.), Mathematical Reasoning (pp. 207-219). Reston, Virginia: National Council Teachers of Mathematics.
6. Gal, I. (1999). Links between literacy and numeracy. In D. A. Wagner, R. L. Venezky, and B. Street (Eds.), Literacy: An international Handbook (pp. 227-231). Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. (peer-reviewed)
7. Ginsburg, L., & Gal, I. (2000). Instructional strategies for adult numeracy education. In I. Gal (Ed.), Adult numeracy development: Theory, research, practice. (pp. 89-114). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. (peer-reviewed)
8. Cumming, J., & Gal, I. (2000). Assessment in adult numeracy education: Issues and principles for good practice. In I. Gal (Ed.), Adult numeracy development: Theory, research, practice. (pp. 305-333). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF: https://drive.google.com/file/d/11Qh4jPNlZ-BqCWycEs4TvPOD9c8TMhkS/view?usp=sharing
9. Gal, I. (2000). The numeracy challenge. In I. Gal (Ed.), Adult numeracy development: Theory, research, practice. (pp. 9-31). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. Link to PDF: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zHGQYCxvL5bxWL7lAl-BEve8GEzAk1Gv/view?usp=sharing
10. Gal, I. (2000). Statistical literacy: Conceptual and instructional issues. In D. Coben, J. O’Donoghue, & G. FitzSimons, (Eds.), Perspectives on Adults Learning Mathematics (pp. 135-150). London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Mb9WnveG1n8gP7OJ6efKajQQ8Oh81pxv/view?usp=sharing
11. Gal, I. (2005). Towards ‘probability literacy’ for all citizens. In G. Jones (ed.), Exploring probability in school: Challenges for teaching and learning (pp. 43-71). London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IwRCAx3CHjwA3sMGvcEu5yEPzhr7tD3y/view?usp=sharing
12. Gal, I., van Groenestijn, M., Manly, M., Schmitt, M. J., & Tout, D. (2005). Adult numeracy and its assessment in the ALL survey: A conceptual framework and pilot results. In Murray, S. T., Clermont, Y., & Binkley, M. (Eds), Measuring adult literacy and life skills: New frameworks for assessment (pp. 137-191). Ottawa, Canada: Statistics Canada. (peer-reviewed)
13. Gal, I. (2007). Research methods: Reflections on teaching frameworks and research. In Murtonen, M., Rautopuro, J. & Väisänen, P. (Eds).Learning and teaching of Research methods at University. Turku, Finland: Finnish Educational Research Association. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DsqH3OZBGqAXB4tAkH3Mc1MYKPg9iAEJ/view?usp=sharing
14. Ograjenšek, I. & Gal, I. (2011). The concept and assessment of customer satisfaction. In R. Kenett, and S. Salini (Eds.) Modern Analysis of Customer Satisfaction Surveys (pp. 107-128). London: Wiley-Blackwell. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MeHkH0ANHyJQksUMYRi90ilZn7e3RyRW/view?usp=sharing
15. Gal, I. (2014). Mathematical Literacy: Internal and external perspectives. In M. Fried & T. Dreyfus (Eds). Mathematics & Mathematics Education: Searching for Common Ground (pp. 171-174). New York; Springer. (peer-reviewed)
16. Petocz, P., Reid, A. & Gal, I. (2017). Statistics Education Research. In D. Ben-Zvi. K. Makar, & J. Garfield (eds.), International Handbook of Research in Statistics Education (Chapter 3, pp. 71-103). Springer Publishers. (peer-reviewed). Link to PDF pre-print: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RTuUtkw-lXrugaktUyJvZcU-kI_WiFvl/view?usp=sharing
17. Gal, I. (2018). Development of functional skills. In Wagner, D., Boruch, R. & Wolf, S. (Eds.). Learning at the bottom of the pyramid: Science, measurement and policy in low-income countries in an era of global change (pp. 210-211). Paris: UNESCO Institute for Educational Planning.
18. Gal, I. (2021). Promoting statistical literacy: Challenges and reflections with a Brazilian perspective. In C. Monterio & L. Carvalho (Eds).Temas emergentes em letramento estatistico / Emerging themes in statistical literacy (ch.1, 37-59). UFPE press. Open access: https://editora.ufpe.br/books/catalog/book/666
19. Gal, I., Nicholson, J., & Ridgway, J. (2022). A conceptual framework for Civic Statistics and its educational applications. In J. Ridgway (Ed.), Statistics for empowerment and social engagement – teaching Civic Statistics to develop informed citizens (Chapter 3, pp. 37-66). Springer. Open Access: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-20748-8
20. Gal, I., Nicholson, J., Ridgway, J. & Engel, J (2022). Implementing Civic Statistics – An Agenda for Action. In J. Ridgway (Ed.), Statistics for empowerment and social engagement – teaching Civic Statistics to develop informed citizens (Chapter 4, pp. 68-96). Springer. Open Access: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-20748-8
21. Gal, I. (2022). Critical understanding of Civic Statistics: Engaging important contexts, texts, and opinion questions. In J. Ridgway (Ed.), Statistics for empowerment and social engagement: teaching Civic Statistics to develop informed citizens (Chapter 13, pp. 323-343). Springer. Open Access: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-20748-8
22. Gal, I. (Forthcoming 2024). What do citizens need to know about real world statistical models, and the teaching of data modeling. In S. Podworny, D. Frischemeier, M. Dvir and D. Ben-Zvi (eds), Reasoning with Data Models and Modeling in the Big Data Era. Minerva Foundation and Paderborn University
Other Scientific Publications (Selected)
1. Wagner, D. A., & Gal, I. (1990). Indigenous cognition?. Review of Indigenous cognition: Functioning in Cultural Context, (J. W. Berry, S. H. Irvine, & E. B. Hunt, Eds.; Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1988), Contemporary Psychology, 83(3), 131-132.
2. Gal, I., & Schuh, A. (1994). Who counts in adult literacy programs? A national survey of numeracy education. Technical report TR94-09. Philadelphia, PA: National Center on Adult Literacy, University of Pennsylvania. Online: www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01 /0000019b/80/29/b5/96.pdf
3. Wagner, D. A., Sabatini, J., & Gal, I. (1999). Assessing basic learning competencies among youth and young adults in developing countries: Analytic survey framework and implementation guidelines. Philadelphia: International Literacy Institute/UNESCO. Online: http://literacyonline.org/products/ili/pdf/op9901.pdf
4. Condelli, L., Safford-Ramus, K., Sherman, R., Coben, D., Gal, I., & Hector-Mason, A. (2006). A review of the literature in adult numeracy: research and conceptual issues. (Prepared by American Institutes for Research for the Adult Numeracy Initiative of the US Department of Education’s Office of Vocational and Adult Education). Online: www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ovae/pi/AdultEd/math.html
5. Gal, I. (2007). Assessment of adult numeracy in PIAAC: A conceptual and development framework. Univesity of Haifa. (A report submitted to the OECD Education Committee and Human Resources and Social Development Canada towards the planning of OECD’s Programme for Int’l Assessment of Adult Competencies).
6. PIAAC Numeracy Expert Group (2009). PIAAC Numeracy: A Conceptual Framework. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 35, OECD Publishing. Online: www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/piaac-numeracy-a-conceptual-framework_220337421165. Note: Iddo Gal chaired the Expert Group which wrote this document. Key components of this document were published by OECD in the book: OECD (2012), Literacy, Numeracy and Problem Solving in Technology-Rich Environments: Framework for the OECD Survey of Adult Skills. Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264128859-en
7. Gal, I. & Tout, D. (2014). Comparison of PIAAC and PISA Frameworks for Numeracy and Mathematical Literacy. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 102, OECD Publishing. Online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jz3wl63cs6f-en
8. Gal, I. (2016). Assessment of adult numeracy skills. Paper commissioned for the UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report 2016: Education for people and planet. Paris, UNESCO. Online: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002455/245573E.pdf
9. Gal, I. (2016). Job crafting by workers and its contribution to the human capital of individuals and organizations. ‘עיצוב תפקיד’ על ידי עובדים ונועצים, ותרומתו להון האנושי של הפרט והארגון People at Work: Israeli Journal of Career Development, 6. (Journal of the Israeli Association for Vocational Counseling and Career Development. [In Hebrew]. Online: http://www.ayellet.org.il.
10. Gal, I. (May 2018). Developing a monitoring scheme for adult numeracy as part of SDG indicator 4.6.1: Issues and options for discussion. Technical report commissioned by the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning, Hamburg. Online: http://gaml.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/12/4.6.1_03_Discussion-paper-2-Developing-a-monitoring-scheme-for-adult-numeracy-as-part-of-SDG-indicator-4.6.1-Issues-and-options-for-discussion.pdf
11. ProCivicStat Partners (August 2018). Engaging Civic Statistics: A Call for Action and Recommendations. A product of the ProCivicStat Project. Retrieved (Date) from: http://IASE-web.org/ISLP/PCS . (Note: Iddo Gal was the lead writer for this White Paper, published by ProCivicStat, a partnership of 6 universities from 5 countries, funded by the ERASMUS+ program of the European Commission)
12. Tout, D., Gal, I., van Groenestijn, M., Manly, M., & Schmitt, M. J. (2020). PIAAC Numeracy Task Complexity Schema: Factors that impact on item difficulty. Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER). Open access: https://10.37517/978-1-74286-609-3
13. Gal, I. & UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (2020). Policy brief 13: Adult numeracy: Assessment and development. Hamburg: UIL. Open access: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000375130
